![]() ![]() Narcolepsy is thought to result from genetic predisposition, abnormal neurotransmitter functioning and sensitivity, and abnormal immune modulation. People with this sleep disorder can experience overwhelming fatigue and uncontrollable. We performed a review of literature (MEDLINE and EMBASE database), without limited date or publication restrictions.Īngelman Syndrome Cataplexy Narcolepsy Niemann-Pick type C Disease Norrie Disease Prader-Willi Syndrome.Ĭopyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Narcolepsy is characterized by the classic tetrad of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological condition that disrupts the normal sleep-wake cycle. Cataplexy Cataplexy involves a sudden loss of muscle tone that occurs most often in the knees, face and neck. Speech may be slurred, and eyesight impaired (double. The loss of muscle tone that occurs may range from a just-perceptible weakening of the facial muscles through weakness at the knees, to total collapse on the floor. ![]() The resulting work tends to make no sense, and the person has no memory of what took place. Cataplexy is the term given to sudden muscular weakness triggered by strong emotions such as laughter, anger and surprise. In this review, we described few conditions of cataplexy not related to narcolepsy. This occurs when a person continues an activity without any conscious realization of what he or she is doing. Diagnosing narcolepsy without cataplexy is often a challenge as the symptoms are nonspecific, current diagnostic tests are limited, and there are no useful biomarkers. Therefore, it is essential disconnecting cataplexy from narcolepsy especially in pediatric population and after use of a few medications. Some people with narcolepsy also have cataplexy episodes of muscle weakness that are triggered by strong emotions such as laughter, surprise, or crying. Yet, the most prevalent causes of cataplexy without narcolepsy are rare genetic diseases which explains why cataplexy is classically linked to narcolepsy. In addition, cataplexy can be a side effect of several drugs (eg, lamotrigine, clozapine, and gamma-hydroxybutyrate). Other causes of cataplexy include Niemann-Pick type C Disease, Angelman Syndrome, Norrie Disease, Prader-Willi Syndrome. Cataplexy is a transient loss of muscle tone that can be triggered by emotions such as laughter, excitement or fear. ![]()
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